CONTAINER

PHÂN LOẠI CONTAINER

Các loại container đường biển được chia thành hai nhóm chính: theo tiêu chuẩn và không theo tiêu chuẩn ISO. Loại không theo tiêu chuẩn có thể tương tự container ISO về hình dáng kích thước, nhưng không được sử dụng rộng rãi và nhất quán do không được tiêu chuẩn hóa.

1. Container bách hóa (General purpose container)

Container bách hóa thường được sử dụng để chở hàng khô, nên còn được gọi là container khô (dry container, viết tắt là 20’DC hay 40’DC). Loại container này được sử dụng phổ biến nhất trong vận tải biển.

2. Container hàng rời (Bulk container)

Là loại container cho phép xếp hàng rời khô (xi măng, ngũ cốc, quặng…) bằng cách rót từ trên xuống qua miệng xếp hàng (loading hatch), và dỡ hàng dưới đáy hoặc bên cạnh (discharge hatch). Loại container hàng rời bình thường có hình dáng bên ngoài gần giống với container bách hóa, trừ miệng xếp hàng và cửa dỡ hàng. Hình dưới đây thể hiện container hàng rời với miệng xếp hàng (phía trên) và cửa dỡ hàng (bên cạnh) đang mở.

3. Container chuyên dụng (Named cargo containers)

Là loại thiết kế đặc thù chuyên để chở một loại hàng nào đó như ô tô, súc vật sống...

- Container chở ô tô: cấu trúc gồm một bộ khung liên kết với mặt sàn, không cần vách với mái che bọc, chuyên để chở ô tô, và có thể xếp bên trong 1 hoặc 2 tầng tùy theo chiều cao xe. (Hiện nay, người ta vẫn chở ô tô trong container bách hóa khá phổ biến)

- Container chở súc vật: được thiết kế đặc biệt để chở gia súc. Vách dọc hoặc vách mặt trước có gắn cửa lưới nhỏ để thông hơi. Phần dưới của vách dọc bố trí lỗ thoát bẩn khi dọn vệ sinh.

4. Container bảo ôn (Thermal container)

Được thiết kế để chuyên chở các loại hàng đòi hỏi khống chế nhiệt độ bên trong container ở mức nhất định. Vách và mái loại này thường bọc phủ lớp cách nhiệt. Sàn làm bằng nhôm dạng cấu trúc chữ T (T-shaped) cho phép không khí lưu thông dọc theo sàn và đến những khoảng trống không có hàng trên sàn.

Container bảo ôn thường có thể duy trì nhiệt độ nóng hoặc lạnh. Thực tế thường gặp container lạnh (refer container) 5. Container hở mái (Open-top container)

Container hở mái được thiết kế thuận tiện cho việc đóng hàng vào và rút hàng ra qua mái container. Sau khi đóng hàng, mái sẽ được phủ kín bằng vải dầu. Loại container này dùng để chuyên chở hàng máy móc thiết bị hoặc gỗ có thân dài.

6. Container mặt bằng (Platform container)

Được thiết kế không vách, không mái mà chỉ có sàn là mặt bằng vững chắc, chuyên dùng để vận chuyển hàng nặng như máy móc thiết bị, sắt thép…

Container mặt bằng có loại có vách hai đầu (mặt trước và mặt sau), vách này có thể cố định, gập xuống, hoặc có thể tháo rời.

7. Container bồn (Tank container)

Container bồn về cơ bản gồm một khung chuẩn ISO trong đó gắn một bồn chứa, dùng để chở hàng lỏng như rượu, hóa chất, thực phẩm… Hàng được rót vào qua miệng bồn (manhole) phía trên mái container, và được rút ra qua van xả (Outlet valve) nhờ tác dụng của trọng lực hoặc rút ra qua miệng bồn bằng bơm.

Trên thức tế, tùy theo mục đích sử dụng, người ta còn phân loại container theo kích thước (20'; 40'...), theo vật liệu chế tạo (nhôm, thép...).


KÍCH THƯỚC CONTAINER

Loại container		Weight (KG)			Số đo bên trong (M)
		Gross	Tare	Net	Length	Width	Height	Cubic M.
20'	Dry Steel	24,000	2,370	21,630	5.898	2.352	2.394	33.20
	Reefer	24,000	3,050	20,950	5.449	2.290	2.244	26.70
	Open Top	24,000	2,580	21,420	5.629	2.212	2.311	32.00
	Flat Rack	30,480	2,900	27,580	5.624	2.236	2.234	27.90
40'	8'6" Dry Steel	30,480	4,000	26,480	12.031	2.352	2.394	67.74
	8'6" Reefer	30,480	4,520	25,960	11.690	2.250	2.247	57.10
	8'6" Open Top	30,480	4,290	26,190	11.763	2.212	2.311	65.40
	8'6" Flat Rack	34,000	5,870	28,130	11.786	2.236	1.968	51.90
	9' Dry Steel	30,480	4,190	26,290	12.026	2.340	2.538	71.42
	9'6" Dry Steel	30,480	4,200	26,280	12.031	2.352	2.699	76.40
	9'6" Reefer	30,480	4,670	25,810	11.583	2.290	2.524	64.30

20’ Dry Container	Specification
Suitable for commodities in bundles, cartons, boxes, loose cargo, furnitures, etc. Note: Specifications may vary slightly according to manufacturer	External	Width	2,440 mm	8 ft
		Height	2,590 mm	8 ft 6.0 in
		Length	6,060 mm	20 ft
	Interior	Width	2,352 mm	7ft 8.6 in
		Height	2,395 mm	7 ft 10.3 in
		Length	5,898 mm	19 ft 4.2 in
	Door	Width	2,340 mm	92.1 in
		Height	2,280 mm	89.7 in
	Cubic Capacity		33.2 cu m	1,173 cu ft
	Tare Weight		2,200 kg	4,850 lbs
	Max. Payload		28,280 kg	62,346 lbs
	Max. Gross Weight		30,480 kg	67,196 lbs

40’ Dry Container	Specification
This is the most common container size for storage or transport of high volume goods. Like other dry containers ?suitable for commodities in bundles, cartons, boxes, loose cargo, furnitures, etc. Note: Specifications may vary slightly according to manufacturer	External	Width	2,440 mm	8 ft
		Height	2,590 mm	8 ft 6.0 in
		Length	12,190 mm	40 ft
	Interior	Width	2,350 mm	7ft 8.5 in
		Height	2,392 mm	7 ft 10.2 in
		Length	12,032 mm	39 ft 5.7 in
	Door	Width	2,338 mm	92.0 in
		Height	2,280 mm	89.8 in
	Cubic Capacity		67.6 cu m	2,389 cu ft
	Tare Weight		3,730 kg	8,223 lbs
	Max. Payload		26,750 kg	58,793 lbs
	Max. Gross Weight		30,480 kg	67,196 lbs

20  Foot High Cube Container	Specification
Same as other dry containers-suitable for commodities in bundles, cartons, boxes, loose cargo, furniture, etc. Note: Specifications may vary slightly according to manufacturer	External	Width	2,440 mm	8 ft
		Height	2,895 mm	9 ft 6.0 in
		Length	6,060 mm	20 ft
	Interior	Width	2,352 mm	7ft 8.6 in
		Height	2,698 mm	8 ft 10.2 in
		Length	5,898 mm	19 ft 4.2 in
	Door	Width	2,340 mm	92.1 in
		Height	2,585 mm	101.7 in
	Cubic Capacity		37.4 cu m	1,322 cu ft
	Tare Weight		2,340 kg	5,160 lbs
	Max. Payload		28,140 kg	62,040 lbs
	Max. Gross Weight		30,480 kg	67,196 lbs

40 Foot High Cube Container	Specification
Same as other dry containers- suitable for commodities in bundles, cartons, boxes, loose cargo, furniture, etc.- but higher volume capacity. 11% increased capacity for only marginally increased rental/purchase costs. Note: Specifications may vary slightly according to manufacturer	External	Width	2,440 mm	8 ft
		Height	2,895 mm	9 ft 6.0 in
		Length	12,190 mm	40 ft
	Interior	Width	2,352 mm	7ft 8.6 in
		Height	2,698 mm	8 ft 10.2 in
		Length	12,023 mm	39 ft 5.3 in
	Door	Width	2,340 mm	92.1 in
		Height	2,585 mm	101.7 in
	Cubic Capacity		76.2 cu m	2,694 cu ft
	Tare Weight		3,900 kg	8,598 lbs
	Max. Payload		26,580 kg	58,598 lbs
	Max. Gross Weight		30,480 kg	67,196 lbs

20 Foot Open Top Container	Specification
With removable tarpaulin roof permitting top loading--suitable for large piece cargo that cannot be loaded through container doors such as machinery, sheet glass, marble, building materials and lumber. Note: Specifications may vary slightly according to manufacturer	External	Width	2,440 mm	8 ft
		Height	2,590 mm	8 ft 6.0 in
		Length	6,060 mm	20 ft
	Interior	Width	2,348 mm	7ft 8.4 in
		Height	2,360 mm	7 ft 8.9 in
		Length	5,900 mm	19 ft 4.3 in
	Door	Width	2,340 mm	92.1 in
		Height	2,277 mm	89.6 in
	Cubic Capacity		32.6 cu m	1,155 cu ft
	Tare Weight		2,300 kg	5,070 lbs
	Max. Payload		28,180 kg	62,126 lbs
	Max. Gross Weight		30,480 kg	67,196 lbs

40 Foot Open Top Container	Specification
With removable tarpaulin roof permitting top loading - suitable for large piece cargo that cannot be loaded through container doors such as machinery, sheet glass, marble, building materials and lumber. Note: Specifications may vary slightly according to manufacturer	External	Width	2,440 mm	8 ft
		Height	2,590 mm	8 ft 6.0 in
		Length	12,190 mm	40 ft
	Interior	Width	2,348 mm	7ft 8.4 in
		Height	2,360 mm	7 ft 8.9 in
		Length	12,034 mm	39 ft 5.8 in
	Door	Width	2,340 mm	92.1 in
		Height	2,277 mm	89.6 in
	Cubic Capacity		66.6 cu m	2,355 cu ft
	Tare Weight		3,800 kg	8,377 lbs
	Max. Payload		26,680 kg	58,819 lbs
	Max. Gross Weight		30,480 kg	67,196 lbs

20  Foot Flat Rack	Specification
Container base and ends only permitting side and/or top loading. Various models - some of which make a platform when collapsed. Used for carrying awkward and oversize loads such as machinery, cables, drums, sheet and steel coils, heavy vehicles, timber and forest products. Note: Specifications may vary slightly according to manufacturer	External	Width	2,440 mm	8 ft
		Height	2,590 mm	8 ft 6.0 in
		Length	6,060 mm	20 ft
	Interior	Width	2,347 mm	7ft 8.4 in
		Height	2,259 mm	7 ft 8.9 in
		Length	5,883 mm	19 ft 4.3 in
	Cubic Capacity		32.6 cu m	1,166 cu f
	Tare Weight		2,750 kg	6,060 lbs
	Max. Payload		31,158 kg	68,690 lbs
	Max. Gross Weight		34,000 kg	74,950 lbs

40  Foot Flat Rack	Specification
Container base and ends only permitting side and/or top loading. Various models - some of which make a platform when collapsed. Used for carrying awkward and oversize loads such as machinery, cables, drums, sheet and steel coils, heavy vehicles, timber and forest products. Note: Specifications may vary slightly according to manufacturer	External	Width	2,440 mm	8 ft
		Height	2,590 mm	8 ft 6.0 in
		Length	12,190 mm	40 ft
	Interior	Width	2,347 mm	7ft 8.5 in
		Height	1,954 mm	6 ft 5 in
		Length	11,650 mm	38 ft 3 in
	Cubic Capacity		49.4 cu m	1,766 cu ft
	Tare Weight		6,100 kg	13,448 lbs
	Max. Payload		38,900 kg	85,759 lbs
	Max. Gross Weight		45,000 kg	99,207 lbs

20 Foot Refrigerated Container	Specification
This is the most common reefer size - suitable for transporting or storing perishable cargo such as vegetables, fruit, meat, etc. Note: Specifications may vary slightly according to manufacturer	External	Width	2,440 mm	8 ft
		Height	2,590 mm	8 ft 6.0 in
		Length	6,060 mm	20 ft
	Interior	Width	2,286 mm	7 ft 6.0 in
		Height	2,265 mm	7 ft 5.2 in
		Length	5,485 mm	17 ft 11.9 in
	Door	Width	2,286 mm	7 ft 6.0 in
		Height	2,224 mm	7 ft 3.6 in
	Cubic Capacity		28.4 cu m	1,004.5 cu ft
	Tare Weight		3,200 kg	7,055 lbs
	Max. Payload		27,280 kg	60,141 lbs
	Max. Gross Weight		30,480 kg	67,196 lbs

40 Foot Refrigerated Container	Specification
This is the most common reefer size for the transport or storage of volume goods - suitable for perishable cargo such as vegetables, fruit, meat, etc. Note: Specifications may vary slightly according to manufacturer	External	Width	2,440 mm	8 ft
		Height	2,590 mm	8 ft 6.0 in
		Length	12,190 mm	40 ft
	Interior	Width	2,291 mm	7 ft 6.2 in
		Height	2,225 mm	7 ft 3.6 in
		Length	11,558 mm	37 ft 11.0 in
	Door	Width	2,291 mm	7 ft 6.2 in
		Height	2,191 mm	7 ft 2.2 in
	Cubic Capacity		58.9 cu m	2,083.3 cu ft
	Tare Weight		4,110 kg	9,062 lbs
	Max. Payload		28,390 kg	62,588 lbs
	Max. Gross Weight		32,500 kg	71,650 lbs

40 Foot High Cube Refrigerated Container	Specification
Same as 40 Foot Reefer - suitable for transporting or storing perishable cargo such as vegetables, fruit, meat, etc.- but this reefer gives approx. 13% more space than a standard 40 Foot reefer. Note: Specifications may vary slightly according to manufacturer	External	Width	2,440 mm	8 ft
		Height	2,895 mm	9 ft 6.0 in
		Length	12,190 mm	40 ft
	Interior	Width	2,296 mm	7 ft 6.4 in
		Height	2,521 mm	8 ft 3.3 in
		Length	11,572 mm	37 ft 11.6 in
	Door	Width	2,296 mm	7 ft 6.4 in
		Height	2,494 mm	8 ft 2.2 in
	Cubic Capacity		67.0 cu m	2,369.8 cu ft
	Tare Weight		4,290 kg	9,458 lbs
	Max. Payload		28,210 kg	62,192 lbs
	Max. Gross Weight		32,500 kg	71,650 lbs

20 Foot Double Door (Door in two ends) Container	Specification
Most often used for conversions modifications or simply where increased accessibility to contents is desired. Note: Specifications may vary slightly according to manufacturer	External	Width	2,440 mm	8 ft
		Height	2,590 mm	8 ft 6.0 in
		Length	6,060 mm	20 ft
	Interior	Width	2,352 mm	7 ft 8.6 in
		Height	2,395 mm	7 ft 10.3 in
		Length	5,844 mm	19 ft 2 in
	Door	Width	2,340 mm	92.1 in
		Height	2,280 mm	89.7 in
	Cubic Capacity		32.9 cu m	1,162 cu ft
	Tare Weight		2,340 kg	5,160 lbs
	Max. Payload		28,140 kg	62,040 lbs
	Max. Gross Weight		30,480 kg	67,196 lbs

20 Foot Insulated Container	Specification
Insulated containers suitable for conversion to Flex-Box or simply to be used as insulated containers to avoid temperature highs lows. Note: Specifications may vary slightly according to manufacturer	External	Width	2,440 mm	8 ft
		Height	2,590 mm	8 ft 6.0 in
		Length	6,060 mm	20 ft
	Interior	Width	2,235 mm	7 ft 4 in
		Height	2,083 mm	6 ft 10 in
		Length	5,651 mm	18 ft 6.5 in
	Door	Width	2,235 mm	7 ft 4 in
		Height	2,083 mm	6 ft 10 in
	Cubic Capacity		26.3 cu m	929 cu ft
	Tare Weight		2,537 kg	5,600 lbs
	Max. Payload		17,757 kg	39,200 lbs
	Max. Gross Weight		20,294 kg	44,800 lbs

20 Foot ISO Tank Container	Specification
IMO: Suitable for hazardous substances as toxic, corrosive, highly flammable liquids. Non-hazardous Tanks: Suitable for oils, plasticers, resins, natural or synthetic latex, milk, still beers, wine, mineral water. Note: Specifications may vary slightly according to manufacturer	External	Width	2,440 mm	8 ft
		Height	2,590 mm	8 ft 6.0 in
		Length	6,060 mm	20 ft
	Cubic Capacity		21,000 liters	5,547 gallons
	Tare Weight		3,070 kg	6,768 lbs
	Max. Payload		27,410 kg	60,425 lbs
	Max. Gross Weight		30,480 kg	67,200 lbs

40 Foot Double Door (Door in two ends) Container	Specification
Most often used for conversions modifications or simply where increased accessibility to contents is desired. Note: Specifications may vary slightly according to manufacturer	External	Width	2,440 mm	8 ft
		Height	2,590 mm	8 ft 6.0 in
		Length	12,190 mm	40 ft
	Interior	Width	2,352 mm	7 ft 8.6 in
		Height	2,395 mm	7 ft 10.3 in
		Length	11,978 mm	39 ft 3.5 in
	Door	Width	2,340 mm	92.1 in
		Height	2,280 mm	89.7 in
	Cubic Capacity		67.3 cu m	2,378 cu ft
	Tare Weight		3,870 kg	8,533 lbs
	Max. Payload		26,610 kg	58,663 lbs
	Max. Gross Weight		30,480 kg	67,196 lbs

20 Foot Bulk Container	Specification
Standard container with roof hatches for top loading and discharge hatches in the doors or front wall. Designed for the carriage of all dry free flowing materials such as chemicals, powders and granules, cement fertilizers, flour, milk powder, sugar, salt and granular plastic products. Note: Specifications may vary slightly according to manufacturer	External	Width	2,440 mm	8 ft
		Height	2,590 mm	8 ft 6.0 in
		Length	6,060 mm	20 ft
	Interior	Width	2,332 mm	7 ft 8 in
		Height	2,338 mm	7 ft 9 in
		Length	5,888 mm	19 ft 4 in
	Door	Width	2,340 mm	92.1 in
		Height	2,263 mm	89.1 in
	Cubic Capacity		32.4 cu m	1,144 cu ft
	Tare Weight		2,800 kg	6,180 lbs
	Max. Payload		21,200 kg	46,340 lbs
	Max. Gross Weight		24,000 k	52,910 lbs

CONTAINER ĐƯỜNG HÀNG KHÔNG

Aircraft Types: All 747's &767 &AB3, Lower Deck Length: 3020 mm 119 in Width: 2080 mm 82 in Height: 1520 mm 60 in Volume: 10.6 m3 374 cu ft Max Gross Weight: 4626 kg 10200 lb Rate Class: 5 Aircraft Types: All 747's &767 &AB3, Lower Deck Length: 302 cm 119 in Width: 229 cm 90 in Height: 152 cm 60 in Volume: 11.4 m3 403 cu ft Max Gross Weight: 4626 kg 10200 lb Tare Weight: 266 kg 587 lb Rate Class: 2BG                                                      Aircraft Types: All 747's, Lower Deck Length: 302 cm 119 in Width: 208 cm 82 in Height: 152 cm 60 in Volume: 14.5 m3 511 cu ft Max Gross Weight: 4626 kg 10200 lb Tare Weight: 260 kg 573 lb Rate Class: 5W                                                      Aircraft Types: 747 Freighter, Main Deck Length: 305 cm 120 in Width: 229 cm 90 in Height: 229 cm 90 in Volume: 17.5 m3 619 cu ft Max Gross Weight: 6800 kg 15000 lb Tare Weight: 330 kg 728 lb Rate Class: 2                                                      Aircraft Types: All 747's & 767 &AB3, Lower Deck Length: 147 cm 58 in Width: 140 cm 55 in Height: 152 cm 60 in Volume: 4.3 m3 153 cu ft Max Gross Weight: 1587 kg 3500 lb Tare Weight: - - Rate Class: 8                                                      Aircraft Types: All 747's & 767, Lower Deck Length: 147 cm 58 in Width: 140 cm 55 in Height: 152 cm 60 in Volume: 4.84 m3 171 cu ft Max Gross Weight: 1587 kg 3500 lb Tare Weight: - - Rate Class: 8                                                      Aircraft Types: 767, Lower Deck Length: 233 cm 55 in Width: 140 cm 92 in Height: 152 cm 60 in Volume: 7.2 m3 253 cu ft Max Gross Weight: 2449 kg 5400 lb Tare Weight: 128 kg 282 lb Rate Class: 6A                                                      Aircraft Types: All 747's &767 &AB3, Lower Deck Length: - - Width: - - Height: - - Volume: - - Max Gross Weight: 4626 kg 10200 lb Tare Weight: 110 kg 242 lb Rate Class: 2C                                                      Aircraft Types: 747 Freighter, Main Deck Length: - - Width: - - Height: - - Volume: - - Max Gross Weight: 6800 kg 15000 lb Tare Weight: 110 kg 242 lb Rate Class: 2C                                                      Aircraft Types: 747 Freighter, Main Deck Length: - - Width: - - Height: - - Volume: - - Max Gross Weight: 4626 kg 10200 lb Tare Weight: 110 kg 242 lb Rate Class: 2H                                                      Aircraft Types: All 747's &767 &AB3, Lower Deck Length: 305 cm 119 in Width: 208 cm 82 in Height: 147 cm 60 in Volume: 9.6 m3 339 cu ft Max Gross Weight: 4626 kg 10200 lb Tare Weight: 400 kg 880 lb Rate Class: 5                                                      Aircraft Types: All 747's & 767 &AB3, Lower Deck Length: 147 cm 58 in Width: 140 cm 55 in Height: 152 cm 60 in Volume: 3.6 m3 127 cu ft Max Gross Weight: 1587 kg 3500 lb Tare Weight: 210 kg 462 lb Rate Class: 8